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Racial Disparities in Stop-and-Frisk: By the Numbers

Prison Policy Institute Sep 2, 2019
This article is deemed a must-read by one or more of our expert collaborators.
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Racial Disparities in Stop-and-Frisk: By the Numbers Giving Compass
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Giving Compass’ Take:

• Rose Lenehan explains that that stop-and-frisk policies expose the biases of police officers that operate under them. The data shows that black and Hispanic individuals were stopped more often than white individuals.

• What policies have been more effective at reducing crime without targetting minorities? How can future policies be shaped to prevent racial bias in practice?

• Learn about the state of mass incarceration in the U.S.


President Donald Trump has expressed support for stop-and-frisk repeatedly, even before he endorsed the practice as a presidential candidate. But he’s wrong: stop and frisk does not work.

The question of whether a policy like stop-and-frisk is effective is moot if it systematically violates citizens’ rights. A federal judge found that stop-and-frisk in New York City had been racially discriminatory, violating both the Fourth Amendment and the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.

To see how stop-and-frisk was implemented, we looked at the raw NYPD data on stop-and-frisk in 2011. That was the peak year for stop-and-frisk in New York City, when police made 685,724 stops—almost 2,000 stops every single day. Our analysis shows that the police used physical force in almost a quarter of stops—and that their use of force is also racially discriminatory.

In 2011, the police stopped Black and Latino people 574,483 times and used physical force against them almost 130,000 times.

The police reported using force in 23% of stops of Blacks and Latinos, but in only 16% of stops of Whites. And for what? The police found weapons—mostly knives—in about 1% of stops of Blacks and Latinos. They found weapons on Whites they stopped nearly twice as often.

Read the full article on stop and frisk by Rose Lenehan at Prison Policy Initiative.

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If you are looking for more articles and resources for Advocacy and Policy, take a look at these Giving Compass selections related to impact giving and Advocacy and Policy.

  • This article is deemed a must-read by one or more of our expert collaborators.
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    Public-Planet Partnerships Can Heal Our Earth

    Giving Compass' Take: • Stanford Social Innovation Review discusses a new model for environmental solutions: collaborating with nature in what's called "Public-Planet Partnerships." • The purpose is to generate "win-win" scenarios for both us and our ecosystem, rather than exploiting natural resources for short-term gains. How can those in the sector encourage more PPP action? • Here's how climate leaders are taking cues from nature to inspire optimism. The Public-Planet Partnership (PPP) framework was developed in partnership between 3BL Associates and SoScience to help create new solutions that solve specific challenges linked to the SDGs or to improve existing solutions within an organization. Given the limitations of public-private partnerships — in that they don’t consider the planet as a stakeholder or collaborator — we believed there was a need for eco-inclusive “Public-Planet Partnerships,” and launched the first pilot PPP workshops during the UN COP 22 Climate Conference in Morocco, with the support of Ashoka and the Robert Bosch Stiftung. Comprised of tools, case studies, and links to technical resources, the framework starts with inviting innovators to engage in an ethos dialogue, with the goal of understanding the ethics and values required to guide the rest of the process. This is the basic understanding that we are looking for mutually beneficial, win-win collaborations, rather than exploiting nature’s resources for the primary purpose of human gain. Popular circular economy initiatives embed other species into solutions, but in certain cases, they offer little mutual value to our planetary partners and don’t fully harness their eco-system potential. The Cardboard to Caviar initiative is one example. It focuses on feeding worms composted waste, which are in turn fed to sturgeon fish, which are later killed to harvest caviar, but there is no regenerative or net positive benefit to nature. Read the full article about public-planet partnerships by Mélanie Marcel, Tariq Al-Olaimy, and Leena Al-Olaimy at Stanford Social Innovation Review.


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